Actually in conventional photography a negative is made
first and using it a positive print is produced later. The positive print is
only a two-dimensional record of light intensity received from a
three-dimensional object. It contains information about the square of the
amplitude of the light wave is not recorded and is lost.
According to this technique both the phase and intensity
attributes of the wave are recorded and when viewed the photograph shows a
three-dimensional image of the object. This technique is named holography.
Holography
is a two-state process. In the first stage a hologram is recorded in the form
of interference pattern. In the second stage the hologram acts as a diffraction
grating for the reconstruction beam and the image of the project is
reconstructed from the hologram.
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