Optical fibres are glass or plastics as thin as human hair,
designed to guide light waves along their length.
Actually an optical fibre works on the
principle of total internal reflection. When light enters through one end of
the fibre it undergoes successive total internal reflections from side wall and
travels down the length of the fibre along a zigzag path.
A small fraction of
light may escape through side walls but a major fraction emerges out from the
other end of the fibre.
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