Let’s
talk about MEMORY !!!!
Memory
Hierarchy
A memory unit is the collection
of storage units or devices together. The memory unit stores the binary
information in the form of bits. Generally, memory/storage is classified into 2
categories:
●
Volatile
Memory: This loses its data, when power is switched off.
●
Non-Volatile
Memory: This is a permanent storage and does not lose any data
when power is switched off.
The total memory capacity of a computer can be visualized by hierarchy of components. The memory hierarchy system consists of all storage devices contained in a computer system from the slow Auxiliary Memory to fast Main Memory and to smaller Cache memory.
Auxillary
memory access time is generally 1000 times that of the main memory, hence it is at the bottom of
the hierarchy.
The main memory occupies the central position because it is equipped to communicate directly with the CPU and with auxiliary memory devices through Input/output processor (I/O).
When the program not residing in main memory is needed by the CPU, they are brought in from auxiliary memory.
Programs not currently needed in main memory are transferred into auxiliary memory to provide space in main memory for other programs that are currently in use.
The cache memory is used to store program data which is currently being executed in the CPU. Approximate access time ratio between cache memory and main memory is about 1 to 7~10
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